Statistical Research Design and Basic Techniques in Epidemiological Research

Epidemiology has been defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in human population and interpreting the observations. Epidemiology is a method of making and interpreting observations in biomedical investigations. These investigations deal with groups of people rather than individual cases and usually study both healthy and ill persons. Epidemiological researchers and scientists have a vital role to play in the health care of the entire population. The biostatisticians design the experiments, trials and analyze the data and interpret the facts. Statistical design and technique helps to describe the involvement of complex human phenomena and behavior. The impact of associated factor(s) can be analyzed with the help of simple statistical design and techniques. This paper described the basic concept of statistical research design and techniques used for analysis of data and interpretation of results and also discussed the experimental error and biasness in the epidemiological research investigation.